Semaglutide for Diabetes

How GLP-1 Medications Work

GLP-1 receptor agonists mimic the body’s natural glucagon-like peptide-1 hormone, which is involved in glucose regulation and appetite control. GLP-1 medications help lower blood sugar through four main mechanisms:

• Stimulating insulin production only when blood sugar is elevated.
• Suppressing glucagon, the hormone that raises blood sugar.
• Delaying gastric emptying, which reduces post-meal glucose spikes.
• Promoting satiety, which can lead to reduced calorie intake.

These effects help stabilize blood glucose levels and improve overall metabolic health.

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Benefits for Blood Sugar Control

GLP-1 medications can lower hemoglobin A1C, a key marker of long-term glucose control, by up to 2 percentage points in clinical trials. Many patients reach or maintain their target A1C levels with GLP-1 therapy, especially when combined with dietary changes and physical activity.

For individuals who do not respond to metformin alone or who have additional health concerns, GLP-1 therapy may offer a more comprehensive approach to managing diabetes.

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Additional Health Benefits

Cardiovascular Protection

Some GLP-1 medications have demonstrated a reduction in major adverse cardiovascular events, including heart attack and stroke, particularly in patients with type 2 diabetes and existing cardiovascular disease.

Kidney Health

Emerging data suggests GLP-1 therapy may slow kidney disease progression, likely due to improved glycemic control, weight loss, and reduced systemic inflammation.

Weight Management

GLP-1 therapy promotes modest but meaningful weight loss, which can further enhance insulin sensitivity, reduce blood pressure, and lower cholesterol. These are critical factors for individuals with type 2 diabetes.

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Who Is a Good Candidate for GLP-1 Therapy

GLP-1 medications may be prescribed for adults with type 2 diabetes who:

• Have not met blood sugar goals with metformin or other oral agents.
• Have a BMI of 27 or higher with weight-related health conditions.
• Are at risk for or have a history of cardiovascular disease.
• Require a treatment that supports both blood sugar control and weight loss.

These medications are not typically recommended for individuals with a history of pancreatitis, certain thyroid tumors, or severe gastrointestinal disorders. They are also not approved for use during pregnancy or breastfeeding.

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How to Start GLP-1 Treatment

Eden’s network of independent, licensed providers begins with a comprehensive medical evaluation, including your diabetes history, lab values, weight goals, and lifestyle habits.

Titration Schedule Example (Injectable Semaglutide)

• Weeks 1 through 4: 0.25 mg weekly (starter dose).
• Weeks 5 and beyond: Increase to 0.5 mg, then potentially 1 mg or higher depending on individual needs.

GLP-1 injections are administered subcutaneously in the abdomen, thigh, or upper arm, with dosing once per week on the same day.

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Using GLP-1 Safely

• Store unused pens in the refrigerator (between 36 and 46 degrees Fahrenheit). Never freeze.
• Opened pens may be kept at room temperature for up to 56 days.
• Rotate injection sites weekly to avoid irritation.
• Do not use GLP-1 therapy with other GLP-1 medications.
• Avoid taking two doses close together. If a dose is missed, follow your provider’s guidance.

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Common Side Effects

Most side effects are gastrointestinal and occur during dose escalation. These may include:

• Nausea.
• Vomiting.
• Diarrhea.
• Constipation.
• Bloating or reduced appetite.

These typically resolve within a few weeks. Eating small, balanced meals and staying hydrated can help minimize symptoms.

Rare but Serious Risks

• Pancreatitis (seek help if experiencing persistent abdominal pain).
• Gallbladder complications.
• Worsening diabetic retinopathy (in patients with pre-existing eye disease).
• Kidney changes, especially if dehydrated.

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Lifestyle Support for Best Results

GLP-1 therapy works best when combined with healthy habits:

• Nutrition: Emphasize vegetables, lean protein, whole grains, and low added sugar.
• Exercise: Aim for at least 150 minutes of moderate activity each week.
• Hydration: Drink plenty of water, especially during early treatment.
• Sleep: Get 7 to 9 hours of quality rest to support blood sugar balance.

Eden’s providers can help integrate lifestyle strategies into your treatment plan.

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Final Thoughts

GLP-1 medications are a safe, effective, and well-studied option for people with type 2 diabetes seeking better blood sugar control, weight support, and long-term health protection. When managed by a licensed provider and combined with lifestyle improvements, GLP-1 therapy can help you make lasting progress.

Eden helps you get started with FDA-approved GLP-1 medications through clinician-guided programs. No compounded drugs and no guesswork. Just safe, evidence-based care tailored to your goals.

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This content is for educational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult a licensed healthcare provider before starting, stopping, or changing any medication.